Mrs. lopez is assisting julio in constructing a bridge out of drinking straws. after she shows him how to make a triangle using straws, julio is able to continue connecting shapes on his own to finish the bridge. this is an example of:

Scaffolding

Explanation:

Scaffolding is a Vygotskyian concept postulating that a more knowledgeable individual (which can be in the form of a teacher or even a more competent peer) can help another individual gain a certain skill. Just like scaffolding in construction, which helps construction workers in building or repairing an architectural structure.

Vygotsky argues that scaffolding can only be effective when the learner has entered the zone of proximal development - which is referred to as an area of potential development where learners encounter difficulties to master a skill, but with the help of scaffolding, they can attain mastery.

probably 3 since archeologists and historians don’t understand there writing.

where is the rest of the question. this isn't making sense. can you upload a picture of the question?