If a case is unique, judges have to create new laws based on the general principles suggested by earlier cases. the body of judge-made law that developed under this system is still used today and is known

Common Law

Explanation:

Common law refers to two things: first, it is the legislation created or established via court decisions, not via written legislation or statues; second, a common law is the system of delivering judgment on the basis of the doctrine of judicial preference.

Since common law has no place in statute, judges do develop or create a new law based on the general views and opinions of judges if the case is unique or rarest of the rare. Well, judgment based on such opinions are often binding on all judgments to be delivered in future by the lower courts under the same jurisdiction. Major advantages of common law are its fairness, fastness and efficiency.

answer; i believe its called ; checks   and balances;

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.