Which of the plans presented at the constitutional convention included a two-house legislature based on population, down-played states' rights, and guaranteed a republican form of government?

The Virginia Plan

Explanation:

The Virginia plan was put forward by governor  Edmund Randolph in 1787 during the constitutional convention for the establishment of a two-house legislature.

it is a better alternative

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.