Which is a term that describes comparator rules that it follows to determine, based on the current actual input and reference input, what its output will be?

The term that describes comparator rules that it follows to determine the output is hysteresis.

Explanation:

Hysteresis is a physical science term showing the comparator rules following the internal state affected values by materials´ history.

This means that the output of a system will not solely depend on its input, but also on its history of past inputs such as in ferromagnetic materials and ferroelectric materials hysteresis occurring after magnetization.

Hysteresis will trace magnetic domains of fields applied to a material through loops and the analysis is done by the magnetization curve or material´s past history so the output´s flickering is minimized and modified on the time convertion of inputs.

d. the polar jet stream   lies between the polar easterlies and trade winds should be your answer

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