"closed-loop" production seeks to integrate what is presently waste back into production. in an ideal situation, the waste of one firm becomes the resource of another, and such synergies can create eco-industrial parks. this principle is often referred to as:

a. biomimicry
b. eco-efficiency
c. biosynergy
d. backcast

(a) Biomimicry

Explanation:

Biomimicry is a way to deal with advancement that looks for maintainable answers for human difficulties by copying nature's tried and true examples and procedures. The objective is to make items, procedures, and approaches better approaches for living that are well-adjusted to life on earth as time goes on.  

Instances of biomimicry in structure and innovation just as our past arrangement: plans roused by the ocean, plants and creepy crawlies.

answer; sociological imagination;

answer; sutherland-differential association;