Amiddle school science teacher begins a lesson by discussing the potential hazards faced by salmon smolt. after showing a brief power point, a few students ask questions regarding dams, farms, chemicals and unknown animals. the teacher then provides students with a list of questions and work in groups to respond to the questions. students then respond to the larger group with their answers to the questions, and the teacher asks groups to draw conclusions regarding the hazards faced by salmon smolt.
the structure of the lesson best demonstrates the teacher's understanding of which of the following learning theories:

a. interdisciplinary learning
b. operant conditioning
c. gestalt
d. constructivist

The structure of the lesson best demonstrates the teacher's understanding of he "constructivist" theory.

Explanation:

The constructivist theory is an integral learning and education theory that comes from psychology and pedagogy. It proposes that humans learn from experiences, so in order to obtain knowledge and create learnings people have to receive the information and process it under different experiences. That is why in this case, the class had a presentation, then some questions and after that a team work activity in which students found 3 different moments to interact with the information.

elastic potential energy

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.