Sometimes it is morally wrong to treat persons as means. when a person says that someone is treating him merely as a means, for example, he often implies that she is failing to abide by a moral norm. ethically disapproving judgments that a person is "just using" or sometimes simply "using" another are common in everyday discourse.'
this is an excerpt published in

'Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals' translated from 'Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten'.

Explanation:

The given excerpt is from the famous work 'Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten' which has been translated as 'Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals'. It is a famous work of Immanuel Kant who has published a variety of work on this subject matter. This excerpt refers to the Mere Means Principle presented by Kant and is part of the vast body of knowledge which is often refereed to as Kantian ethics. The Mere Means Principle suggests that a person is limited morally when they are considered as a means of doing something. These actions can raise significant moral and ethical dilemmas if the person is taken to extremes, according to the Mere Means Principle.

c it has to be i googled it

d - failures.

the only attempted british colony in north america before 1600 was roanoke, virginia, which was a total failure. england claimed several areas, including newfoundland, but made no sustainable attempts to colonize them before 1600.