To monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. this approach to treatment best illustrates:

aversive conditioning

Explanation:

Aversive Conditioning refers to how an unpleasant thing or punishment is used as a way of discouraging an undesired behavior. The subject given the aversive stimuli is likely to not like it or be influenced by it negatively which will lead to the subject giving up the behavior.

For example Monica has an issue of craving chocolates in a non stoppable way which can be very unhealthy behavior that can affect her health greatly hence introducing chocolates along with an aversive stimulus will discourage her love for chocolate because now this bitter taste isn't what she desires from chocolate.

there is an explationation of this on a site called crash   course world history 1

the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

the way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.