In one application of aversive conditioning, alcohol is paired with a drug that induces vomiting. which of the following alternatives correctly applies classical conditioning terminology to this situation?

a. alcohol becomes a cs associated with vomiting.
b. alcohol is a us for vomiting.
c. the drug with which alcohol is paired is a us.
d. both a and c

Which of the following methods could be considered a "best practice" in terms of informing respondents how their answers to an on-line survey about personal information will be protected? respondents are informed that investigators will try to keep their participation confidential; however, confidentiality cannot be assured.respondents are informed that a research assistant will transfer all the research data to a password-protected computer that is not connected to the internet, via a usb flashdrive. the computer is located in a research team member's office.the investigator uses the informed consent process to explain her institution's method for guaranteeing absolute confidentiality of research data.the investigator uses the informed consent process to explain how respondent data will be transmitted from the website to his encrypted database without ever recording respondents' ip addresses, but explains that on the internet confidentiality cannot be absolutely guaranteed.the investigator uses the informed consent process to explain how respondent data will be transmitted from the website to his encrypted database without ever recording respondents' ip addresses, but explains that on the internet confidentiality cannot be absolutely guaranteed

Why would it be hard to live in a city state

Karin bought illegal firearms at a gun show. at her trial, she alleged that she had committed this crime because her boyfriend had threatened to harm her and her two daughters if she did not. her lawyer asked the judge to instruct the jury that the prosecution had an obligation to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that karin had acted freely. instead, the judge told the jury that karin had the burden of proving duress by a preponderance of the evidence. who is correct?