Many people, if queried directly, are unlikely to admit, " yes, i wholeheartedly believe that blacks and weapons are associated with one another." yet results from multiple iat studies seem to suggest otherwise, at the level of implicit associations. why is there this discrepancy between stated and unstated attitudes? a. implicit attitudes can't be measured, whereas explicit attitudes can be reliably statedb. attitudes can influence us at different levels of conscious awarenessc. verbal reports are more accurate than iat resultsd. by definition, implicit and explicit attitudes are always at odds with one another

The correct answer is B) attitudes can influence us at different levels of conscious awareness.

The discrepancy between stated and unstated attitudes appear because attitudes can influence us at different levels of conscious awareness.

This conscious awareness and the social environment or circumstance directly affect the way people react or answer to a situation like this. It is difficult to accept in public, a behavior that could be questioned for the social repercussion, or in this case, for a comment that could be accused of being racist. Although the individual firmly believed in that statement, expressing it in public is a risk and probably he/she won't do it.

the earth’s crust is broken into separate pieces called tectonic plates (fig. 7.14). recall that the crust is the solid, rocky, outer shell of the planet. it is composed of two distinctly different types of material: the less-dense continental crust and the more-dense oceanic crust. both types of crust rest atop solid, upper mantle material. the upper mantle, in turn, floats on a denser layer of lower mantle that is much like thick molten tar.

each tectonic plate is free-floating and can move independently. earthquakes and volcanoes are the direct result of the movement of tectonic plates at fault lines. the term fault is used to describe the boundary between tectonic plates. most of the earthquakes and volcanoes around the pacific ocean basin—a pattern known as the “ring of fire”—are due to the movement of tectonic plates in this region. other observable results of short-term plate movement include the gradual widening of the great rift lakes in eastern africa and the rising of the himalayan mountain range. the motion of plates can be described in four general patterns:

collision: when two continental plates are shoved together

subduction: when one plate plunges beneath another (fig. 7.15)

spreading: when two plates are pushed apart (fig. 7.15)

transform faulting: when two plates slide past each other (fig. 7.15)

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