Rats learning a maze are tested after varying degrees of food deprivation. some run the maze after 4 hours without food, others after 8 hours, and others after 12 hours deprivation. in this
a. food deprivation is the manipulated independent variable.
b. the rats are a subject variable.
c. the independent variable is a task variable.
d. food deprivation is the dependent variable.

The answer is d.

Explanation:

The dependent variable in a research is the one subjected to changes, and seeks to find out the cause-effect relationship on another variable. In this example, the amount of time the rats have spent without food is variable. This is done in order to test its influence on the rats' performance at running the maze.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is ( rivers);