Aresearcher observes that, on average, the number of divorces in cities with major league baseball teams is larger than in cities without major league baseball teams. the most plausible explanation for this observed association is that the?

The association is due to confounding (major league teams tend to be in large cities with more people, hence a greater number of divorces.)

Explanation: In research statistics there's a concept called confounding which is essentialy a variable that influences both indepent and dependent variables.

In this particular case, what really influences that prevalence of divorce is not the fact whether there are major league teams in a city or not, but the fact that major league teams tend to be in larger cities with more people, therefore the number of divorces is higher.

Association due to confounding

Explanation:

Confounding in statistics refers to mixing of concepts or establishing an association between the dependent variable and independent variable that is incorrect mathematically. In this confounding is occurring because the Major League Baseball teams are based in big cities and have higher population than cities without Major League Baseball teams. Hence, the number of divorces are higher in cities with Major League Baseball teams due to the higher population or residents. So there is no association between divorces and Major League Baseball teams and the association the researcher observed is due to confounding error.

freeborn women in ancient rome were citizens (cives), but could not vote or hold political office. because of their limited public role, women are named less frequently than men by roman historians. but while roman women held no direct political power, those from wealthy or powerful families could and did exert influence through private negotiations. exceptional women who left an undeniable mark on history range from lucretia and claudia quinta, whose stories took on mythic significance; fierce republican-era women such as cornelia, mother of the gracchi, and fulvia, who commanded an army and issued coins bearing her image; women of the julio-claudian dynasty, most prominently livia (58 bc-ad 29), who contributed to the formation of imperial mores; and the empress helena (c.250–330 ad), a driving force in promoting christianity.

women in the ancient greek world had few rights in comparison to male citizens. unable to vote, own land, or inherit, a woman’s place was in the home and her purpose in life was the rearing of children. this, though, is a general description, and when considering the role of women in ancient greece one should remember that information regarding specific city-states is often lacking, is almost always from male authors, and only in athens can their status and role be described in any great detail. neither are we sure of the practical and everyday application of the rules and laws that have survived from antiquity. we do know that spartan women were treated somewhat differently than in other states. for example, they had to do physical training like men, were permitted to own land, and could drink wine.

1. government controls industry through policy

2.government is both a consumer and a producer

4. government can use policy t influence economy

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