How has physical geography blocked permanent settlement in antarctica?

a. constant snowfall prevents people from farming.
b. the ocean surrounding antarctica is always frozen.
c. ice sheets make it hard for people to meet their needs.
d. people could find a passage through the coastal mountains.

! i have been stuck on this question forever!

The process of learning acceptable social behavior and values is called

Which of the following methods could be considered a "best practice" in terms of informing respondents how their answers to an on-line survey about personal information will be protected? respondents are informed that investigators will try to keep their participation confidential; however, confidentiality cannot be assured.respondents are informed that a research assistant will transfer all the research data to a password-protected computer that is not connected to the internet, via a usb flashdrive. the computer is located in a research team member's office.the investigator uses the informed consent process to explain her institution's method for guaranteeing absolute confidentiality of research data.the investigator uses the informed consent process to explain how respondent data will be transmitted from the website to his encrypted database without ever recording respondents' ip addresses, but explains that on the internet confidentiality cannot be absolutely guaranteed.the investigator uses the informed consent process to explain how respondent data will be transmitted from the website to his encrypted database without ever recording respondents' ip addresses, but explains that on the internet confidentiality cannot be absolutely guaranteed

"there will be differences in degree of mood elevation seen in depressed clients after receiving either cognitive-behavioral or psychoanalytic therapy."; in this hypothesis, mood elevation is the: