Just as the transition from elementary school to middle or junior high school involves change and possible stress, so does the transition from high school to college. the two transitions have many parallels. which of the following is one of them?

a. movement to a more personal school structure
b. increased parental monitoring
c. the top-dog phenomenon
d. decreased interaction with peers

Suppose that sociologists and cultural anthropologists are tying to measure the amount of child abuse for cross cultural comparison. they run into disagreement over whether spanking a child is abuse or discipline. what problem are they encountering in their research? a. reliability of the definition of abuse. b. validity of the definition of abuse. c. occam's razor about the definition of abuse. d. none of these.