In schachter and singer's classic study, participants who received epinephrine and were in the company of the "angry" research confederate interpreted their physiological arousal as whereas those who were exposed to the "happy " confederate interpreted their arousal as

a. anger; happiness
b. happiness; anger
c. happiness; happiness
d. anger; anger

In a publicly held corporation, - o stockholders rarely trade their stocks o stocks are not usually traded at stock exchanges o a large number of stockholders can buy and sell stock o family members are excluded from holding stock

The defendant is charged with the battery of a bouncer at a local tavern. at the trial, the prosecutor introduces evidence that while the bouncer was attempting to question the defendant about her intoxicated demeanor, the defendant committed a battery on the bouncer. the defendant attempts to defend against the charge on the basis of self-defense, insisting that the bouncer used excessive force in stopping her from entering the tavern. the defendant attempts to introduce into evidence an authenticated copy of the tavern records that show that three patrons had written complaints against the bouncer within the past six months for the use of excessive force. the prosecutor objects on the grounds that the records are inadmissible character evidence. should the court sustain the objection?

Which of the following  bestillustrates a negative reinforcer?               a.  copland gives up candy to stave off chronic acid indigestion.    b.  nancy learns that she prefers chocolate over vanilla.    c.  carmine changes his major to english lit after failing a math exam.    d.  on a hot day, lindberg always drinks lemonade.