Ajapanese psychologist by the name of sakai observed participants partaking in dissonance-reducing behaviors. sakai also had a fellow group member of the participants observe the dissonance-reducing behavior. the observer then indicated how enjoyable he or she thought a boring task was. these results suggest that japanese observers

the Japanese Observers experienced dissonance on behalf of the participants in the experiment.

Explanation:

Based on the information provided within the question we can say that these results suggest that the Japanese Observers experienced dissonance on behalf of the participants in the experiment. Dissonance is defined as a lack of agreement between people. We can say that the Observers experienced this because they found the tasks enjoyable while the members do not since they refer to it as a boring task.

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a factory opens that mass-produces light bulbs.

explanation:

not sure if that's an answer to your questions but this is an example! : )

answer: musical connotation

leonard b. meyer (1918-2007) was an american composer, author and philosopher. his work emotion and meaning in music is perhaps the first major treatise on music. it is a philosophical and psychological work, greatly influenced by koffka (one of the major proponents of gestalt psychology). his work deals with the problem of musical meaning and musical communication.