In a longitudinal study that will follow children from kindergarten through high school and will collect information about illegal activities, which of the following confidentiality procedures would protect against compelled disclosure of individually identifiable information? waiving documentation of consent using data encryption for stored files securing a certificate of confidentiality using pseudonyms in research reports

a Certificate of Confidentiality

Explanation:

What is a Certificate of Confidentiality?

A certificates of confidentiality is used to protect sensitive information of the subjects involved in a research from leaking into the public or into anyone else who is not part of the research unless otherwise stated by the subject to do so in particular or exceptional situations.

The kindergarten children who are involved in this research will need this kid of a certificates in order for their parents to be sure that the sensitive and personal information collected from these kids is never leaked into the public without their consent.

i believe the answer is: returns on investments, no wages

people who belong in upper class society would most likely get there by obtaining multiple source of income, which a certain percentage of ownership for businesses. since most of them are job creator, they would most likely get their money from profit, not wages.