Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes outside. she looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations. because these cool and calm responses gillian will be

   Increase pluralistic ignorance,  

                 Less likely to assume it's an emergency situation

Explanation:  Given that most of the guests at the coffee shop were left uninterested and ignored the squeaking of the brakes, it may be true that Gillian would assume that there was no cause for alarm. There may have been a need for an emergency, without going into whether the cafe guests are right or just don't care, but the point is that majority of people create public opinion and conclusions are usually made in the crowd based on the reaction of the majority.

new communications technology has affected the way social movements are organized because nowadays, social movements rely on social networks and the media to get different people with a similar way of thinking in contact, and thus, get them to mobilize for a greater cause.

individuals only participate in collective action when they feel identified with it. is in this aspect that social media becomes relevant, because it guarantees communication among all individuals and organizes the social actions that are going to be carried out, i.e., the social movements.

in addition, being covered by the media is important to validate the message and make it relevant in the social agenda, as well as to reach more people who can share interests, appealing to public sympathy for their cause.

in conclusion, it is by social networks and social media that social movement is given birth; by connecting different individuals with similar ideas and organizing them to mobilize for a greater cause.