Virginia sees carl, with whom she attended high school 15 years ago, driving near her in rush hour traffic. she honks and waves to say "hello." carl, who does not recognize virginia, thinks the stranger is honking because of the way he changed his lane. obviously, there is a problem in the way carl is the message.

Decoding

Explanation:

Decoding is the way we interpret or analyze communications and their message. Because of differences in the decoding, Carl and Virginia perceive two different messages.

how do you know that

explanation:

the act of deciding on matters of the economy. economic decision making is routinely conducted by finance ministers, economic advisors, heads of major central banks and business leaders and can have profound effects on a major economy.