Mrs. collora teaches social studies to junior high school students. two boys in her class often loudly make jokes about the material being discussed. she has tried several techniques without success: 1) ignoring them; 2) encouraging and rewarding them for contributing to the class discussion; 3) removing their opportunities to participate in field trips; and 4) sending them to detention. in the order presented, list the operant conditioning principles she has applied to the situation.

Explanation:

Extinction, positive reinforcement, negative punishment, positive punishment  

Extinction:

Extinction occurs when a response has no longer occurred. It is a gradually weakened response that results in a behavior decreasing or disappearing.  

Positive reinforcement: It is the addition of something in the reinforcing stimulus following a behavior that makes it more likely that behavior will occur in the future again.  

Positive punishment: This work after presenting a negative consequence after an undesired behavior less likely to happen in the future.  

for example, a child picks his during his class and the teacher reprimands him in front of his classmates.  

Negative punishments: This happened when the desired stimulus is removed after a particular undesired behavior is exhibited. for example, If a child doesn't follow the instructions, he loses a token for good behavior that can later is cashed in a prize.

answer; ///i believe the correct answer is (b) the writing of the ancients who lived in india after the indus valley inhabitants died out;