Researchers found that a certain species of sea slug, elysia chlorotica, has in its genome a gene for repairing and maintaining chloroplasts. the gene is identical to one found in the algae from which the slugs steal chloroplasts for performing photosynthesis during periods of dietary shortfall. how did the slugs get the gene?

Through horizontal gene transfer.

Explanation:

Horizontal gene transfer, also known as the process of exchanging genetic material among two nearby bacteria, is a different means of resistance acquisition. This kind of gene transfer can take place through three principal mechanisms that are transformation, conjugation, or transduction. It is also a significant evolutive factor of a lot of organisms.

they encountered severe weather for which they were poorly prepared.

this statement is true.

forests are public goods, available for everybody. when usage of such a good becomes interesting for consumers and its usage increases, there can be a risk of overexploitation. it is a non rival good therefore, if one person consumes the good it does not reduce the availability for subsequent consumers.

these caracteristics require the establishment of measures in order to prevent the destruction of a commonly owned space, for example, to restrict the amount of people that have access to the same time.