At the end of the nineteenth century, the popularity of the classical approach began to decline as criminologists focused their attention on internal and external factors, such as poverty, iq, and education, rather than personal choice and decision making.?

Positivist

Explanation:

Positivist criminologists analyze the cause of criminal behavior by methods which are scientifically objective. The Biological, Psychological and Social factors are considered in determining the cause of criminal behavior.

During the Eighteenth century the classical school of criminology was followed. According to school the cause of criminal behavior is dependent on what the person is thinking at that moment. Factors like poverty, IQ, and education which influences behavior are not considered.

d. i assume the underlined word is "role." reformat if it isn't.

explanation:

role is closest to part because when replacing words, "playing a vital decision," "playing a vital activity," and "playing a vital dollar" don't make logical sense. the only meaningful choice is "playing a vital part."

this fits one of merriam-webster's definitions of role: "a function or part performed especially in a particular operation or process."

answer; the above statement is (false);