Prior to the congressional and presidential actions, careful studies by government economists indicated that the direct multiplier effect of a rise in government expenditures on equilibrium real gdp is equal to 6. in the 12 months since the increase in government spending, however, it has become clear that the actual ultimate effect on real gdp will be less than half of that amount. this could have happened because of all the following except a. direct expenditure offset. b. a supply-side effect. c. an indirect crowding out. d. a short-run increase in the price level.

the anti federalists was a movement that was opposed to the creation of a us federal government. although they were not as organized as the federalists, they also had a large group of leaders, especially in state politics.

the statement "now, in a large extended country, it is impossible to have a representation, possessing the sentiments, and of integrity, to declare the minds of the people” represents the concerns of the anti federalists.

they strongly believed that the federalists were representing the interests of aristocratic elements of society at the expense of the majority of ordinary people, who lived in a rural society.

their fear for the creation of a strong federal government and the president’s power of veto in their opinion would create a tyrannical rule that would dominate the people. they defended the importance of restraining the government’s power towards people at any cost.

answer; face validity;

answer; the georgia militia men mortally wounded their commander;