In surveys conducted by gerald, many adolescents report that they started smoking cigarettes because of peer pressure. while observing adolescent groups, however, gerald rarely sees adolescents offering each other cigarettes or putting pressure on others to smoke. gerald predicts that if he conducts further studies on this topic, he will be able to prove that peer pressure is not the primary reason that adolescents start smoking cigarettes. in the context of psychology’s scientific method, gerald is basing his further studies on

Gerald is basing his further studies on hypothesis.

Explanation:

What is a hypothesis?

Is an uncertain statement or non definite statement about a relationship that may exist between two variables or more variable which stand to be tested and be proven.

This statement defines what a researcher expect to be the outcome of a test to be made

For example, a study above to examine that they may be other factors contributing to smoking other that the assumed peer pressure .

the test will be expected to show those other factors after the research is done or not show them if they dont exist.

answer; by working independently, the states have a high likelihood of developing innovative solutions that can be employed in other states;

the federal government of the united states was established by the constitution. us is a presidential republic. the president is head of state, head of government and of a two party legislative and electoral system. the supreme court balances the powers of the federal and the state government. yhe executive branch is headed by the oresident. there are two chambers of congress, the senate and the house of representatives. judicial power is exercised by the judicial branch (or judiciary), comprised of the supreme court and lower federal courts. the judiciary's function is to interpret the   constitution as well as the federal laws and regulations.