In research, a confound is the difficulty we experience in thinking of counter-examples to our beliefs. an instance when the actual outcome is contrary to the probabilistic prediction. when the outcome of a study contradicts the researcher’s hypothesis. an alternative explanation for an outcome that comes about because more than one thing changed at the same time.

an alternative explanation for an outcome that comes about because more than one thing changed at the same time.

Explanation:

In research a variable which has an effect on both the independent variable and dependent is called the confounding variable.

The confounding variable can direct the research towards a correlation even though there is not one. This means that the confounding variable gives an alternative explanation that is not the correct explanation.

1 and 2

explanation:

there are treatment options for depression (mdd) that may work for you. one way of treating depression may be to affect the levels of certain chemicals that brain cells use to communicate, called neurotransmitters. scientists believe that certain neurotransmitters may be out of balance in depression.

although the exact way depression medications shown to ease overall depression symptoms in some people work is unknown, scientists think that some medications work by affecting the levels of a neurotransmitter called serotonin in the brain. other treatments work by affecting the levels of other neurotransmitters like norepinephrine or dopamine.