Explain how hypotheses are related to theories. compare and contrast the independent and dependent variables in an experiment. give an example of each. in a survey, a researcher found that females in the sample had a different opinion about a topic than males in the sample. does this prove that gender causes the difference of opinion? why or why not? some scientists think that case studies are not useful because they provide information about only one person. what do you think? what is your opinion of case studies? describe the milgram experiment. how does it conflict with informed consent guidelines for research? how do you feel about the milgram experiment?