Does madison have an optimistic or pessimistic view of human nature? how did this impact the drafting of the constitution?

the two sets of lines are :

mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.

answer; self_ disclosure;