Professor root was studying the arrest rates for driving under the influence in urban and rural areas of ohio. it was found that the arrest rate was higher in the rural areas. professor root concluded that people who live in rural areas are more likely to drive while intoxicated than are people who live in urban areas. root's conclusion illustrates the:
a) usefulness of good deductive reasoning
b) importance of trend studies
c) individualistic fallacy
d) ecological fallacy
e) reductionist fallacy.