What major advantage is conveyed by having a system of adaptive immunity?

It enables a rapid defense against an antigen that has been previously encountered.

Explanation:

Adaptive immunity consist of highly specialized, systemic cells that can prevent the growth rate of antigen that entered our body.

After dealing with a previously encountered pathogen, our adaptive immunity possess some sort of blueprint that can be reused to repeat the same exact protocol. This mean that it can enables a rapid defense if it has to deal with the same type of antigen.

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