Which defense mechanism involves using an excuse that is likely to be more acceptable instead of the real reason?

The answer is: Rationalization

In defense mechanism, rationalization refers to the act of justifying our own negative behavior in order to prevent negative feelings rather than acknowledging the real reason for it.

For example, let's says that there is a student who never really use his time to study for the exams. So, when the exam came, he decided to cheat even though he know that it's wrong. To justify this, he told himself that 'I need to cheat rather than making my parents pay more tuition'.

we need a diagram to you sorry

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.