Which of the following is a closed question?
a.
do you like paintings?
c.
who paints religious paintings?
b.
describe your favorite painting.
d.
where can we go to see paintings?

a.Do you like paintings?

Explanation:A closed-ended question is the one in which a person is given only one word options from which to choose , and it doesn't give a person many options, it's just one word or a 'yes" or a "no" answer. One can't get much information from these questions ,however an open ended question is the one which provides a much detailed information.

answer:

d. because dr. laguardia selected a widely used measure, his study generalizes to has strong external validity. external validity has limited external validity. other applications of this measure.

the widely used measure that he applied to his experiment was the benton facial recognition test. it employed on to football players and as result, only players who suffered brain concussions did not pas this test. and although it has an external validity, it is limited because it isn't general to apply to other population.

spain, portugal, france and england.

explanation:

spain, portugal, france and england were the first european country to carve an empire in the americas.

you gave no answer choices so, i gave you all of the correct countries.