Prior to class, skimming your notes from the last lecture and reviewing the summary section of your assigned reading is

Prior to class, skimming your notes from the last lecture and reviewing the summary section of your assigned preforms a pre-class warm up.

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swahili is an extremely rich and complex civilization, a set of ethnic groups articulated by a language and a series of cultural elements that fuse the african traditions, islam and indian culture. this growth was largely a result of the indian ocean trading network that brought in not just man-made riches, but also religious ideas, specifically islam, which had a significant impact on the local culture. furthermore, the development of the swahili language gave a common cultural unity to the people.