Which social science studies how populations develop in certain regions based on available resources?

Demography (from the Greek demos meaning “people” and grapho meaning “measurement” or “description”) is the statistical study of human populations. It can study any factor of any living population, and often uses measurements such as births, migrations and deaths as indicators of population changes. It can help us understand how societies develop and how they are impacted by changes in a region’s conditions.

It is often considered a subfield of sociology, which is the field that studies human societies in general.

no questions on whether they are allowed that right

good question. i'll be looking into that. (this is a joke sir)