According to diamond, how does religion evolve along with increasingly complex societies (band, tribe, chiefdom, state, empire)?

I believe the answer is: increasing complex societies have a lot of religious leaders

According to diamond, Religions would influence the type of leader that seen as a ideal within a society since the persona of an ideal leader tend to be regulated in the religions' sacred text. This would also lead to the type of government system that seem favourable over another and the type of law that should be inmposed to all citizens.

i want to say death; parole, probation, and fines are still being used all the time.

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.