In the context of the passage as a whole, the author’s description of her teacher’s views in the middle of the first paragraph ("i am quite. . . Questioned") is best characterized as a.

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The whale was a missile blasting from beneath the surface.  2.) a majestic whale leapt skyward before diving back into the sea.    these are both figurative language. this is so because the whale in sentence "1" was not actually a missile, nor was it actually blasting. now, for sentence "2", a whale can not actually "leap".