The ratio of output force is the what of a machine

These models show the electron structures of two different nonmetal elements. which element is likely more reactive, and why? element 1 is more reactive because it has fewer electron shells and is toward the top of its group on the periodic table. element 1 is more reactive because it has more electrons in its valence shell and is farther to the right on the periodic table. element 2 is more reactive because it does not have a valence shell close to the nucleus, so it will attract electrons. element 2 is more reactive because it does not have a full valence shell, so it will attract electrons.

In a simplified model of the human eye, the aqueous and vitreous humors and the lens all have a refractive index of 1.40, and all the refraction occurs at the cornea, whose vertex is 2.60 cm from the retina. what should be the radius of curvature of the cornea such that the image of an object 40.0 cm from the cornea’s vertex is focused on the retina?

Two 1.20-m nonconducting wires meet at a right angle. one segment carries + 2.50 µc of charge distributed uniformly along its length, and the other carries - 2.50 µc distributed uniformly along it, as shown in fig. 21.50. ( a. find the magnitude and direction of the electric field these wires produce at point p, which is 60.0 cm from each wire. ( b. if an electron is released at p, what are the magnitude and direction of the net force that these wires exert on it?