1. how does boiling differ from evaporation?
boiling can take place at any temperature, while evaporation takes place at a specific temperature.
boiling is a change from a liquid to a gas, while evaporation is a change from a gas to a liquid.
boiling takes place throughout a liquid, while evaporation takes place at the surface.
2.
in which states of matter can materials take the shape of their containers?
solid and liquid
solid and gas
liquid and gas
3.
which is true according to the kinetic theory?
all particles of matter move very quickly.
the particles that make up gases are densely packed.
the particles that make up solids do not move.
all particles of matter are in constant motion.
4.
a graph shows how the temperature of a substance changes as energy is added steadily over time. which part of the graph would indicate a phase change is taking place?
a steep, downward sloping line
a steep, upward sloping line
a flat, horizontal line
5.
which statement describes the kinetic energy of a particle?
it is attracted to particles of the opposite charge.
it is much larger than particles of another substance.
it moves quickly after a collision with another particle.
6.
which model best describes the particles of a solid and their motion?
beads moving around in a rattle
bricks cemented together in a wall
students walking through a crowded hall
people seated in an auditorium
7.
which word expression describes how to calculate pressure?
force multiplied by area
force divided by area
area divided by force
area minus force
8.
which is the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas to liquid?
condensation
vaporization
boiling
evaporation
9.
what does a graph representing charles’s law show?
volume decreases as pressure increases.
volume decreases as temperature increases.
volume increases at the same rate as temperature.
volume increases at the same rate as pressure.
10.
according to boyle’s law, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the
number of particles and temperature decreases
number of particles and temperature increases
temperature and number of particles are constant
temperature reaches absolute zero
11.
when does raising the temperature of a gas increase its pressure?
when volume is increased and the number of particles is constant
when volume and the number of particles are constant
when volume is increased and the number of particles is increased
12.
which of these phase changes does not involve changing a liquid into a gas?
sublimation
evaporation
vaporization

1. Boiling takes place throughout a liquid, while evaporation takes place at the surface of the liquid. More differences between them is that boiling occurs at a certain temperature while the other occurs at all temperatures; in evaporation there's no bubbles forming and it's a slow process.

2. liquid and gas
Just think of when you pour water in to a  jar, the water will have the form of the jar because it will fill every space of the jar. Gases are the same.
The gas will expand in all directions  until it meets with another force, causing a collision and the gas particle will change direction and fly out.

3. All particles of matter are in constant motion
The gas particles are the ones that move more freely at high speeds because they are well separated. The liquid particles are close together with no regular arrangement but can vibrate and move but less that gas. solid's are tightly packed in a  pattern, only vibrate and don't move more that that.

4. a flat, horizontal line
 The temperature stays the same during a change of state like melting or boiling, even though there is still heat energy being absorbed. Since the temperature stays the same, it will create in a graph, a flat line during the change of state.

5. It moves quickly after a collision with another particle
Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because of its motion and depends on the mass and velocity.
When a particle with certain velocity and mass collides  with another particle that was resting, some of the initial kinetic energy of the moving particle has been transferred into the resting particle or transformed to some other form of energy.

6. bricks cemented together in a wall
Bricks cemented is the best model to describe the movement of solid particles, because they are  tightly packed in a  pattern (just like the brick wall) and can't  move freely, so the only possible movement is vibration, unlike liquid or gas particles.

7. force divided by area
Pressure consists in the force applied perpendicular to a surface area of an object, which that force is distributed. So to calculate it we only need to divide the amount of force by the area.
Pressure exists on surfaces, in air and in liquids.

8. Condensation.
Condensation is a change of physical state of matter which gas changes into a liquid when it touches a cooler surface. Condensation is an important part of the water cycle and is the opposite of evaporation.

9. Volume increases at the same rate as temperature
is an experimental law that describes how gases tend to expand when heated. A graph representing Charles's law shows that the volume of a gas increases at the same rate as the temperature increases. It's a directly proportional relationship.

10. temperature and number of particles are constant
Boyle’s law describes how the pressure of a gas tends to increase when the volume of the container, where the gas is, decreases if the temperature and amount of gas remain unchanged within a closed system.

11. when volume and the number of particles are constant
If you raise the temperature  the molecules of the gas will become excited increasing the number of collisions  inside of the container. if the volume is still the same and the number of particles too, the molecules will be more pressured.

12. sublimation
Sublimation is a process that  transforms solids into a gas without passing through the liquid stage. Only some compounds, at normal atmospheric pressure, can go through this process, for example, dry ice.  The reverse process of sublimation is desublimation.