Wastes are poisonous to a cell and must be removed from the cytoplasm. predict how cell size could affect the removal process and the survival of a cell

Exocytosis, throwing out of harmful or waste substance from the cell by cellular organeli and this is done by lysosomes which are also known as sucidal bags of cell

An atom that has fewer electrons that protons is called a positive ion.

stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.