How is energy transformed?

The diagram shows a series of volcanic island and a hot spot determine the direction of movement of the tectonic plate that for the island

Two resistors r1 and r2 may be connected either in series or parallel across an ideal battery with emf ε. we desire the rate of energy dissipation of the parallel combination to be 8.75 times that of the series combination. if r1 = 105 ω, what are the (a) smaller and (b) larger of the two values of r2 that result in that dissipation rate?

What was the first instrument to ever record an earthquake?