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Write maxwell's equations and discuss the terms involved and the results of each equation in classical electrodynamics. if it is possible to write these equations in integral form, give the integral forms. find the wave equation for electromagnetic waves from the maxwell equations. what is the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in space according to the wave equation you find?

Asheet of steel 1.5 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200oc and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. the diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6 x 10- 11 m2 /s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.2 x 10-7 kg/m2 -s. also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 4 kg/m3 . how far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be 2.0 kg/m3 ? assume a linear concentration profile.

Acertain half-reaction has a standard reduction potential e_red^0 = -0.94 v. an engineer proposes using this half-reaction at the cathode of a galvanic cell that e must provide at least 1.00 v of electrical power. the cell will operate under standard conditions. a. is there a minimum standard reduction potential that the half-reaction used at the anode of this cell can have? b. is there a maximum standard reduction potential that the half-reaction used at the anode of this cell can have?