Explain how mass and distance affect gravity (and other non-contact forces for that matter)

How Do Mass and Distance Affect the Force of Gravity Between Two Objects?  

The force of gravity between two objects is determined by the mass of each object and the distance between their centers. Objects with a greater amount of mass will exert a greater degree of gravitational pull, but as the distance between two objects increases, the gravitational force between them lessens.

Explanation:

An example of the significance of distance in Newton's law is how a person's weight decreases when they are further away from the center of the Earth, such as in an orbiting space station. The gravitational force, experienced as weight, is decreased, even through the person's mass and that of the Earth remain the same.