What aspect of the US justice system has its roots in Jewish scripture?​

The aspect of the US justice system that has its roots in Jewish scripture is:

the idea that all people are subject to the same rules and laws.

It is the doctrine of "equality before the law."  Equality before the law means that every individual is equal in the eyes of the law, whether the individual is a lawmaker, a judge, a law enforcement officer, etc.  Equality before the law is also known as equality under the law, equality in the eyes of the law, legal equality, or legal egalitarianism.  It is a legal principle that treats each independent being equally and subjects each to the same laws of justice and due process.