Why does entropy increase over time?

The percent efficiency of a machine can never be 100% (or greater), because in the real world some energy is always converted into a. heat b. work c. input force d. output force

You throw a small rock straight up from the edge of a highway bridge that crosses a river. the rock passes you on its way down, 7.00 s after it was thrown. what is the speed of the rock just before it reaches the water 28.0 m below the point where the rock left your hand? ignore air resistance.

The average time that it takes for the car to travel the first 0.25m is s. the average time to travel just between 0.25 m and 0.50 m is s. given the time taken to travel the second 0.25 m section, the velocity would be m/s.