Which of the following human activities could have an irreversible effect on an ecosystem?
i. introducing a new species
ii. urban sprawl
iii. introducing a new chemical
iv. over-hunting

a . i, ii, iii, and iv
b. ii, iii, and iv only
c. i and iii only
d. ii and iv only

I, II, III, and IV

Explanation:

Many human activities can have potentially irreversible effects on ecosystems. Over-hunting, urban sprawl, and the introduction of new chemicals or species can all impact ecosystems in ways that could be permanent.

New chemicals might be introduced to an ecosystem by pollution. Urban sprawl can destroy the natural habitat of plants or animals. Deforestation destroys habitats in a similar manner, even when it is done to generate farmland. Humans have also introduced many new organisms into ecosystems—both intentionally and unintentionally. The effects of these actions hold the potential to be both significant and long-lasting.

a.   mass number from atomic number

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