Why is the mechanical advantage of a single fixed pulley is always 1?

A pulley can either change the direction or the force, but not both.

Since a single fixed pulley makes an object go up when pulled down, it has changed direction.

So it can't also change force.

The horse latitudes-high-pressure zones about 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south of the equator.-warm air traveling away from the equator cools and sinks-weather tends to be clear and drythe doldrums-low-pressure near equator-air rises and spreads out toward the poles-rising moist air produces clouds and heavy rainthe westerlies-blow from the west-move from the horse latitudes toward the poles.-bring storms across much of the united statesthe tradewinds-blow from the east-move from the horse latitudes toward the equator  -strong, steady winds