What type of radiation does not have to be observed above earths atmosphere? visible light, x rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet radiation

What makes thermal imaging cameras useful? they can detect differences in color. they can detect differences in wave speeds. they can detect differences in temperature. they can detect mechanical waves.

The diagram shows a series of volcanic island and a hot spot determine the direction of movement of the tectonic plate that for the island

In science and physics what is the standard unit of measure for speed?