Which is the following is an example of chemical weathering
a) wind breaking into small pieces
b) ice breaking apart cracks into a rock
c) water smoothing a rock in the stream
d) minerals in rock becoming powerdy and rusty

Scientists use laser range-finding to measure the distance to the moon with great accuracy. a brief laser pulse is fired at the moon, then the time interval is measured until the "echo" is seen by a telescope. a laser beam spreads out as it travels because it diffracts through a circular exit as it leaves the laser. in order for the reflected light to be bright enough to detect, the laser spot on the moon must be no more than 1.0 km in diameter. staying within this diameter is accomplished by using a special large-diameter laser. part a if λ = 540nm , what is the minimum diameter of the circular opening from which the laser beam emerges? the earth-moon distance is 384,000 km. express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

A175 g lump of molten lead at its melting point (327 c) is placed into 55.0 g of water at 20.0 c. the specific heat of lead is 130.j/kg c and the hf of lead is 20,400 j/kg. when the lead and the water have reached equilibrium, what is the temperature of the mixture?

Agas initially at p1 = 1 bar and occupying a volume of 0.5 liter is compressed within a piston–cylinder assembly to a final pressure p2 = 4 bar. (a) if the relationship between pressure and volume during the compression is pv = constant, determine the volume, in liters, at a pressure of 3 bar. (b) repeat for a linear pressure–volume relationship between the same end states. reference