Louisa put a bowl of water and a bowl of sand in the sun. she put a thermometer in each bowl. then she recorded the temperature at the start and after 30 minutes. after 30 minutes, the sand had heated more than the water. louisa’s experiment proved
a) sunlight does pass through water
b) sunlight heats liquids more than solids.
c) different materials heat up at different rates.
d) different materials absorb the same amount of heat.

Adiver in midair has an angular velocity of 6.0 rad/s and a moment of inertia of 1.2 kg·m2. he then pulls is arms and legs into a tuck position and his angular velocity increases to 12 rad/s. the net external torque acting on the diver is zero. what is his moment of inertia in the tuck position?

Polly is pushing a box across the floor with a force of 30 n. the force of gravity is –8 n, and the normal force is 8 n. which value could describe the force of friction if polly could not move the box?

Aheat engine running backward is called a refrigerator if its purpose is to extract heat from a cold reservoir. the same engine running backward is called a heat pump if its purpose is to exhaust warm air into the hot reservoir. heat pumps are widely used for home heating. you can think of a heat pump as a refrigerator that is cooling the already cold outdoors and, with its exhaust heat qh, warming the indoors. perhaps this seems a little silly, but consider the following. electricity can be directly used to heat a home by passing an electric current through a heating coil. this is a direct, 100% conversion of work to heat. that is, 19.0 \rm kw of electric power (generated by doing work at the rate 19.0 kj/s at the power plant) produces heat energy inside the home at a rate of 19.0 kj/s. suppose that the neighbor's home has a heat pump with a coefficient of performance of 4.00, a realistic value. note: with a refrigerator, "what you get" is heat removed. but with a heat pump, "what you get" is heat delivered. so the coefficient of performance of a heat pump is k=qh/win. an average price for electricity is about 40 mj per dollar. a furnace or heat pump will run typically 200 hours per month during the winter. what does one month's heating cost in the home with a 16.0 kw electric heater? what does one month's heating cost in the home of a neighbor who uses a heat pump to provide the same amount of heating?