3) 4 electrons are placed - one electron per corner - at the corners of a square of side 1 meter. One fixed proton is placed in the middle of the square. The 4 electrons are held in place by some mechanism. The 4 electrons are released by the mechanism at the same time. They move and reach the corners of a square of side 0.8 meters, and keep on moving . Find the velocity of each electron at the corners of the square of side 0.8 meters.

As a car drives with its tires rolling freely without any slippage, the type of friction acting between the tires and the road is 100) a) static friction. b) kinetic friction. c) a combination of static and kinetic friction. d) neither static nor kinetic friction, but some other type of friction. e) it is impossible to tell what type of friction acts in this situation.

As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.

At a certain instant after jumping from the airplane a, a skydiver b is in the position shown and has reached a terminal (constant) speed vb = 52 m/s. the airplane has the same constant speed va = 52 m/s, and after a period of level flight is just beginning to follow the circular path shown of radius ρa = 2330 m. (a) determine the velocity and acceleration of the airplane relative to the skydiver. (b) determine the time rate of change of the speed vr of the airplane and the radius of curvature ρr of its path, both as observed by the nonrotating skydiver.