Elton's mother has been nagging and nagging that he should stop fooling around with his guitar and start studying. finally, in order to stop her nagging, elton complies and hits the books. this example illustrates the effect of

a. positive reinforcement

b. negative reinforcement

c. positive punishment

d. negative punishment

elton's mother has been nagging and nagging that he should stop fooling around with his guitar and start studying. finally, in order to stop her nagging, elton complies and hits the books. this example illustrates the effect of

a. positive reinforcement

b. negative reinforcement

c. positive punishment

d. negative punishment

The correct answer is b. negative reinforcement. Since Elton followed his mother to stop her from nagging, it is called negative reinforcement. Had she used other ways to persuade him to study, it would be a positive reinforcement. Thank you for posting your question. I hope that this answer helped you. Let me know if you need more help. 

Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun. it was the first planet to get its existence predicted by  mathematical calculations  before it was actually seen through a telescope on sept. 23, 1846. irregularities in the orbit of  uranus  led french astronomer alexis bouvard to suggest that the gravitational pull from another celestial body might be responsible. german astronomer johann galle then relied on subsequent calculations to   spot neptune via telescope. previously, astronomer galileo galilei sketched the planet, but he mistook it for a star due to its slow motion. in accordance with all the other planets seen in the sky, this new world was given a name from greek and roman mythology — neptune, the roman god of the sea.